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Politeknik Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin Jabatan Kejuruteraan awam C 4302 Highway and Transportation Engineering Assignment 2 1. Highways are designed to meet the requirement of vehicle, driver and traffic. What important aspects of human behavior must be considered in the geometric design og highways? (15 m) 2. Discuss the important of a transition curve in the horizontal alignment from the viewpoint of driver comfort , superelevation requirements and pavement widening at corners. (15 m) 3. Traffic island are widely used in junction design to promote junction traffic safety. With the aid of sketches , illustrate some examples on use of traffic islands to promote traffic safety at Tee-junctions. (20 m)

http://www.mhd.state.ma.us/downloads/designGuide/CH_4_a.pdf

For setting out joints see the paper 'Basic Setting Out 1' here and follow the articles through. When you have cut down the shoulders of a tenon properly, removed the waste of a halving and chopped out a mortise all these skills are repeated for most of the other types of joints. Remember to cut the shoulder lines with a sharp knife and 'vee' it partially to get a good joint. A tight joint is not needed, just fitted well. If it is too tight the glue will be forced out and any minor imperfection will throw the frame out and into 'winding'. There are numerous 'rules' for beginners and improvers to learn and at times it seems like there are too many. They are not my rules. The 'rules' however, are the techniques handed down as the most effective way of doing things. They reduce your error and allow you to work more efficiently and above all - safely. Later when you have learnt the techniques and you work effectively you may fin...

Sila cari "Arahan Teknik Jalan 8/86" di internet dan copy. Banyak benda yg boleh dibuat rujukan terkandung di dalamnya. Harap maklum.

Access control is the condition where the right of owners or occupants of abutting land orother persons to access, inconnection with a road is fully or partially controlled by the public authority. Full Control of Access mean that preference is given to through traffic by providing access connecting with selected public roads only and by prohibiting crossings at grade or direct private driveway connections. Partial Control of Access means that preference is given to through traffic to a degree that in addition to access connection with selected public roads, there may be some crossings trafficked roads, at grade intersections should be limited and only allowed at selected locations. To compensate for the limited access to fully or partially access controlled roads, frontage or service roads are sometimes attached to the sides of the main roads. In Non Control Access , there is basically no limitations of access.

The design standard is classified into seven groups (R6,R5, R4,R3,R2,:R1 & R1a) for rural areas and into seven groups (U6,U5,U4,it3,U'2,U1,& Uta) for urban areas. These are in descending order of hierarchy. (a) Standard. R6/U6 : Provides the highest geometric design standard for rural or urbanareas. They usuallyserve long trips with high speed of travelling, comfort and safety.It is always designed with divided carriage way and with full access control. The Rural and Urban Expressway falls under this standard. (b) Standard. R5/U5: Provides also high geometric standard and usually serve long to intermediate trip lengths with high to median travelling speeds. It is usually with partial access control, The Highway, Piimary Road and Arterial falls under this standard. (c) Standard R4/U4: Provides medium geometric standard and serve intermediate trip lengths with medium travelling speeds. It is also usually with partial access control. The Primary Road,Secondary Road, Minor Arte...

Horizontal Alignment (i) Minimum Radius The following formula is used in determining the required. minimum radius for the curves. R = V2 / 127(e+f) Where R = Minimum radius of curve in meters V = Design speed, in km/hr e = Maximum rate of superelevation J- = Maximum allowable side friction factor. Table 5-11 gives the minimum radius that are to be used in design. Flattercurves should always be used wherever possible. There is no necessity to provide any transition (spiral) curves.